By the late 18th century, Western medicine started to take an interest in colostrum and study it for its potential health benefits.
As a consequence, it was prescribed for many conditions, including immune system enhancement. Interestingly, until the development of penicillin and other artificial antibiotics in the 20th century, colostrum was commonly used for fighting bacterial infections.
In the early 20th century it was noted that antibody levels in the first milk produced after birth were much higher than levels found in the milk that was produced 72 hours later.
There are now over published scientific articles that document the safety and efficacy of using colostrum. This seemingly perfect food has been shown to be non-species specific. Bovine colostrum BC , which can be obtained in large quantities, has been found to be almost identical to human colostrum in terms of its beneficial components.
It has also been found to be equally useful for many mammal species, and produces no side-effects. The use of bovine colostrum as dietary supplement has increased substantially over the past decades.
Bovine colostrum is harvested within first few hours of calving from dairy animals. The herds of cows are kept under close supervision in good state of hygiene without exposure to antibodies, pesticides and anthelmintic.
They are monitored according to FDA criteria. The colostrum collected within 24 hours contains maximum substances but less in amounts, colostrum collected later will be more but contain less immunoglobins.
Colostrum could be the most important natural substance to help athletes from weekend warriors to professional athletes achieves their desired results. Research shows that colostrum can help to increase strength and endurance, build lean muscle mass, burn body fat, boost immune function, which typically dips after strenuous exercise, shorten recovery time and accelerate healing of injuries.
IGF-I, which is found naturally in colostrum, is the only natural hormone capable of promoting muscle growth by itself. The IGFs in humans and cows are identical, but bovine colostrum actually contains a greater concentration of IGF-I than human colostrum. This fact makes bovine colostrum attractive to bodybuilders, athletes and others seeking to gain muscle mass.
According to a study conducted in Finland, IGF-1 induces protein synthesis, which leads to an increase in lean muscle mass without a corresponding rise in adipose fat tissue. It mean that body will burn more fat, including fat made from the carbohydrate and protein that are consumed, producing fuel more efficiently.
IGF 1 found in colostrum is capable of promoting muscle growth by itself. IGF 1 is in higher amounts in bovine colostrum as compared to HC. According to study conducted in Finland, IGF 1 induces protein synthesis which leads to increase in lean body mass without a corresponding rise in adipose tissue. The IGF-1 in colostrum increases uptake of blood glucose and facilitates the transport of glucose to the muscles, which keeps energy levels up.
Together with growth hormones, IGF-1 also slows the rate of protein breakdown catabolism that occurs after a vigorous workout. It speeds up protein synthesis, which results in lean muscle mass without an increase in the amount of stored fat. Colostrum improves the assimilation of nutrients, which leads to improved energy levels andperformance. Also, the immune factors in colostrum help athletes to minimize their susceptibility to infections while being able to keep up with their training schedules.
As the IGF 1 in bovine colostrum, structurally identical to that found in human. It is said that when athletes are in intense period of training, many athletes develops gut problem — runner trots. There istendency to leakiness increases 2- 3 fold during intense training like Olympics. But when bovine colostrum supplements were given for 2 weeks prior to exercise, it is seen that leakiness was completely prevented.
This is because the colostrum contains growth factor that strengthens the gut lining. A randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled trial on the effects of bovine colostrum on performance and body composition was conducted on 13 elite female rowers.
Six subjects received 60g Bovine colostrum daily and seven subjects received a similar amount of whey protein concentrate as a placebo during nine weeks of pre-competition training. The distance covered and work performed during a four-minute maximal rowing effort was significantly greater in the group receiving bovine colostrum.
These results suggest supplementation with BC improves certain aspects of rowing performance in elite female rowers. A study reported that eight weeks of colostrum supplementation resulted in an improvement in cycling performance.
Compared to their initial performance eight weeks earlier, the group taking 20 grams of colostrum per day completed the time trial seconds faster whereas the group taking whey protein improved their performance time by only 37 seconds. A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study investigated the effect of eight weeks of supplementation with bovine colostrum on body composition and exercise performance in 17 female and 18 male elite field hockey players.
Subjects received either 60g BCdaily or a whey protein concentrate as a placebo. While improvements in sprint performance occurred in both active and placebo groups, a significantly greater improvement was observed in subjects receiving bovine colostrum compared to placebo.
No statistically significant improvement in vertical jump performance was observed as a result of bovine colostrum supplementation. No significant changes in body composition or measures of endurance were observed between the two groups. Another growth factor of colostrum, platelet-derived growth factor PDGF helps to stimulate the production of other growth factors, including IGF Cytokines also show great potentials in future clinical application, as they have been shown to accelerate tendon repair.
A last minute illness is a real fear for athletes and colostrum seems to give immune system a boost that can reduce the risk. Colostrum contains immune factors which can regulate the immune response, growth factors to help to repair damaged cells and anti-inflammatory substances to reduce inflammation. Figure 2. Proline rich protein PRP fromcolostrum acts as regulatory substances of the thymus gland.
It improves or eliminates symptomatology of both allergies autoimmune diseases. PRP inhibits overproduction of lymphocytes and T cells and reduces pain, swelling and infection. Lactoferrin from colostrum restores humoral immune response which is mediated by T cells and B cells. EGF helps to reverse the destruction of skin cells that can occur with autoimmune disorder. TNF stimulates tissue repair. Lactoferrinhelps to prevent or shrink cancer cells.
Lactoferrin prevents colon, bladder, tongue, esophagus, lung cancer. This is due to effect of lactoferrin as it boosts immunity.
Colostrum contains milk fats which have anti carcinogenic properties. Conjugated linolenicacid CLA in colostrum has anti carcinogenic properties. There are few researches which prove this theory. It also said to lower immunosuppressive substances like leukotrienes and prostaglandins.
CLA is said to inhibit carcinogens by inducing apoptosis through mechanism involving inhibition of eicosanoids synthesis. The eicosanoids receptors have been shown to control the release of messengers which are important for cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. GI tract is barraged with lots of microbiological organism, antigens, food ingredients and drugs.
These do have effect on the GI tract by the way of direct action or by stimulation of the immunological process. Colostrum has immunological factors that protect against micro organism. Colostrum contains trypsin inhibitors and unchanged colostrum goes down the GI tract maintain the healthy epithelium linings and immune system. This way colostrum protects against GI disorders. H pylori require lipids to bind with gastric mucosa. Colostrum prevents the adhesion of this organism to the lipid binding sites of the GI tract.
Studies have shown that bovine colostrum has potential to stop adhesion activity of H Pylori and H Mustelae. As colostrum prevents the adhesion of this microorganism therefore it can ever prevent peptic ulcers occurrence. But the organism was not eradicated. The concept of passive immunization is a logical alternative approach as it similar to natural means of protecting from infectious disease.
Administration of NSAIDs causes gastric and intestinal damage like peptic ulceration and injury to small and large intestine. It causes increased permeability with protein and blood loss also stricture formation. Acid suppressants and prostaglandin analogues have been shown to be effective in reducing gastric injury induced by NSAIDs but are less effective in preventing small intestinal injury.
Therefore novel therapies are required for treatment. These growth factors are capable of stimulating gut growth and repair process of GI tract. A study was conducted to determine what effect dietary supplementation might have on NSAID induced GI inflammation and permeability if any. A study with seven males, following an initial baseline permeability assessment, supplemented their diets with mL BC or whey placebo three times daily for seven days.
Indomethacin was introduced on days Colostrum contains large numbers of antibodies called "secretory immunoglobulin" IgA that help protect the mucous membranes in the throat, lungs, and intestines of the infant. Leukocytes are also present in large numbers; these begin protecting the infant from harmful viruses and bacteria. Human milk contains special components, called growth modulators, that help the premature baby's digestive system adjust to oral feedings.
Research indicates that premature babies fed formula tend to vomit more and continue tube feeding longer than those fed human colostrum and breast milk. Reference Terms. Human and bovine colostrums are thick, sticky and yellowish. In humans, it has high concentrations of nutrients and antibodies, but it is small in quantity. Ingesting colostrum establishes beneficial bacteria in the digestive tract.
Premature babies tend to fare better on human colostrum than commercial infant formulas. Related Stories. Bovine colostrum may strengthen your gut and fight infections in the digestive tract. Both animal and human studies show that bovine colostrum may stimulate the growth of intestinal cells, strengthen the gut wall, and prevent intestinal permeability, a condition that causes particles from your gut to leak to the rest of your body 18 , 19 , These beneficial effects are likely due to the lactoferrin and growth factors it contains 21 , Another study observed that colostrum enemas may be helpful in treating colitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon.
A study in 14 adults with colitis who were taking traditional medications found that taking bovine colostrum enemas in addition to regular medications reduced symptoms more than medication alone The potential for bovine colostrum to reduce symptoms of colitis is supported by animal studies.
However, more extensive research in humans is needed 24 , Both human and animal studies suggest that bovine colostrum may enhance immunity, fight infections, and benefit gut health.
However, more research is needed to better understand the effects of this supplement on human health. Based on limited human research, bovine colostrum generally appears safe for most people — though it may have some downsides. A typical dosage is half a teaspoon 1. People who are allergic to milk should not consume bovine colostrum.
Products may also be made with additives that can include other common allergens like soy. Depending on how the cows are raised, bovine colostrum may also contain antibiotics, pesticides, or synthetic hormones. However, you can purchase colostrum supplements that have been tested to ensure that the final product does not have these compounds.
Finally, there may be food safety issues with bovine colostrum. In one study, 8 of 55 samples of bovine colostrum contained traces of Salmonella, a potentially harmful bacteria Still, if bovine colostrum is properly pasteurized, Salmonella and other harmful bacteria should not be a concern.
Always purchase colostrum supplements from a reputable source and contact the manufacturer for answers to specific questions related to sourcing and processing. Bovine colostrum supplements can be expensive and may contain common allergens like milk and soy. There may also be concerns about the ethics of bovine colostrum sourcing and possible food safety issues.
Rich in disease-fighting compounds, it may increase immunity, fight infections that may cause diarrhea, and improve gut health. Still, more research is needed. It can also be expensive.
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