Barrett, who added a wing containing a dormitory. They built further additions to the west of the old building, and now carry on the educational work of the convent of St. Philomena, the name by which the house is known. In spite of its many different occupants the house itself has been little disturbed and stands to-day in practically the same condition as when erected.
The main house, which is rectangular in plan, is three stories high, and stands on a basement and faces the south, while against its west wall was a conservatory. It is built of stock bricks with gauged brick dressings, and has at the level of the top floor an elaborate wooden cornice. The house is symmetrically designed both in plan and elevation, and had its principal entrance in the centre of the south front and another on the east. The principal entrance opened into a large panelled hall—now used as the library—having some good carving over the doors in the respective north ends of the east and west walls.
From the north-east corner a smaller hall is entered, which opens into the garden on the east. This room is also panelled in oak, and the doorway has Ionic columns supporting an entablature with a triangular pediment over, while in the north wall is a marble fireplace, surmounted by a large oak panel carved on either side with fruit and foliage.
Above the panel is a shield carved with the arms of Fellowes quarterly : 1 and 4 a fesse dancetty between three lions' heads razed and murally crowned, and 2 and 3 two dolphins face to face, with the badge of Ulster; above the shield is a mantled helm with the crest, a lion's head murally crowned.
The oak cornice running round this room is enriched with delicate carving, as are also the door architraves, and the plaster ceiling is of a beautiful French design. The room in the north-east corner is panelled with woodwork covered with paintings of diverse subjects. To the south-west of the library is a most elaborately ornamented room, with an Ionic arcading round its walls having an entablature with a carved frieze. Behind is another hall, off which opens the conservatory.
The hall has a plaster vaulting carried on columns of the Ionic order, while the floor is of black and white marble. The main staircase opens off the hall, and is a fine piece of woodwork, being of oak with a moulded handrail and carved balusters, supported on carved spandrel brackets.
The conservatory, now forming the principal entrance, has on its south front a colonnade of the Doric order, surmounted by an entablature, but the space between the columns has now been filled in and another story added. On the first floor the bedrooms, most of which are panelled, are entered from a large panelled gallery, and appear to have been little altered, many still retaining their 18th-century grates.
The elevations are refined and dignified. The entrance in the centre of the south front is approached by a short flight of stone steps having a simple wroughtiron balustrade, and stands between wooden columns of the Corinthian order supporting an entablature and triangular pediment.
The east entrance doorway has carved architraves and brackets and a curved pediment and, as with the front entrance doorway, is approached up a flight of stone steps, having a light iron balustrade. To the west of the house fronting on to West Street—the road to Wimbledon—is a brick building of a little later date, the original purpose of which is not quite apparent.
It is now used as a preparatory school. Above the middle of this building rises a square tower having long semicircular-headed openings in each wall and pairs of right-angle buttresses at the corners, which stop at the springing of the arched openings and support stone vases, while it is crowned by a parapet of fanciful design having stone pinnacles at the angles.
Between the building and the house is a large pond with a stone garden-house at its south end. The wrought-iron entrance gates to the grounds are of good 18th-century design and stand between stone piers supporting the crest of the Fellowes. Worked into a monogram in the upper part of the gates are the initials J. Formerly Carshalton was described as being famous for walnuts and trout.
The river has given Carshalton some industrial importance and from early times there have been mills in the parish. There was one in , mentioned in the Domesday Survey of the manor. There is also record of a mill at Carshalton early in the reign of John. Robert de Beseville at that date appears to have held half of 3 carucates of land and a mill there, and William de Flanders and Maud de Colville Couel his wife held the other moiety with the capital messuage of the same.
Mary Overy of whom it was held in They amounted to 6 s. His heir was his brother Epaphroditus, who died in and whose son John Wood was born the February following his death.
William Burton, fn. Radcliffe see above , founder of the Radcliffe Library and Observatory at Oxford, who during his residence at Carshalton made himself exceedingly unpopular with many patients by his candid speeches about their disorders. He had been physician to the Princess Anne but had been dismissed for this reason. He refused to stir from Carshalton, where he was suffering from an attack of gout, when recalled to attend her during her last illness, and was violently attacked by the Tory and Jacobite parties, to whom the prolongation of her life was extremely important.
He was himself a Tory M. It is said that threatening letters that he received after the queen's death, on account of this, helped to hasten his own end. There were also powder mills at Carshalton in the 17th century owned by a Mr. Carshalton was held in the time of King Edward the Confessor by five freemen as five manors. In it was held as one manor by Geoffrey de Mandeville, fn.
Geoffrey de Boulogne, the undertenant of , was grandfather of Faramus de Boulogne, whose daughter Sibyl married Ingelram de Fiennes. Nicholas Carew received a grant of free warren in Carshalton in fn.
On the death of this last Nicholas his uncle James Carew took his estates held in tail-male, but his sister Senchia, fn. John, and her son by her first marriage, John St. John, was her heir. John, widow, suffered a recovery, the uses of which were to her for life, with remainder to her son John St. John St. John who was of Lydiard Tregoze, co. The moiety then descended to his eldest surviving son John Hoskins.
As to the other moiety Richard Burton died possessed of it in , when it passed to his son Henry Burton, then aged twelve years. He had no children and died in , leaving his property to his nephew Thomas Scawen. In the same year the manor and park were sold to George Taylor, fn. John F. Taylor, J. Argent a cheveron gules between three griffons' heads razed sable, the two in the chief face to face.
Mascalls q. Thomas Scawen, who succeeded in , projected the building of a large house in Carshalton Park. The design was published in the Architecture of Leo Baptista Alberti in An inclosing wall two miles in length was built round the park, and the great gates of hammered iron, bearing the initials of Thomas Scawen, were very fine.
They have now been removed. The figures of Diana and Actaeon on the gate-posts may have been originally brought from Nonsuch, where similar figures existed. The property is now in the hands of a building company. The house designed by Alberti was never built. Another part of the Domesday fee of Geoffrey de Mandeville was held at the end of the 12th century and later by the family of Colville.
He being a minor at his father's death had been in wardship, first of his grandfather and then of John de Gatesden, to whom his uncle Ralph de Coleville had conveyed the premises in question. The jury, however, decided against Gilbert on the grounds that as Ralph de Coleville had conveyed half of his nephew's lands to John de Gatesden the other half Gatesden had annexed , the disseisin had been made by Ralph and not by John de Gatesden. His confiscated estates were still in the hands of the king in when Richard III commanded John Kendale to take possession for the Crown of the manor of 'Burghersshe alias Kersalton,' which formerly belonged to the rebel and traitor Nicholas Gainsford.
Henry Gainsford son of Robert left some property in Carshalton which descended to his son Robert, fn. He left a son Henry. Argent a cheveron gules between three running greyhounds sable.
As for the other moiety of Henry Gainsford's property, Elizabeth Copley died in seised of a messuage called Cockes in Carshalton and acres of land, acres of pasture and 10 acres meadow in Carshalton and Wallington, which comprised meadows named Byggyn, Shope House Close, Annot Lande, Pytclose, Sparkmore Meade, and Newcloses and lands in 'the Southfeilde' of Carshalton.
His eldest son William had predeceased him, leaving two daughters, Mary married to John Weston of Sutton and Anne married to Sir Nathaniel Minshull, between whom his property was divided. A church is mentioned in Doomsday. In the Registry at Winchester, is a commission dated , for reconciling the church of Carshalton, which had been polluted by the death of Thomas Gruton. The following circumstance leads one to conjecture that the present structure was erected in the reign of Richard II.
Before the alterations above-mentioned were made, there were in the windows of the north aisle fn. The architecture of the chancel confirms the above conjecture. The columns which separate the nave from the aisles, appear to be of a much more remote age. At the east end of the north aisle, is a massy monument of marble, to the memory of Sir John Fellows, who died July 28, At the east end of the south aisle, is a handsome monument supported with Corinthian columns and pilasters, to the memory of Sir William Scawen, who was three times M.
In the same aisle is a monument of black marble, supported by Ionic pillars, to the memory of Sir Edmund Hoskins, Knight, serjeant at law, who died in In the north aisle, near Sir John Fellows's monument, is a white marble urn, with an inscription to the memory of Sir George Amyand, Bart.
Near the west door of the church is a marble tablet to the memory of Thomas Bradley, a former vicar, who being a non-conformist, resigned his living in the year He died Oct.
Against the north wall of the chancel, near the communion table, is an altar tomb of Purbeck marble; over it is fixed in the wall a large slab of the same materials, on which are upright figures of Nicholas Gaynesford, and his family, as represented in the annexed plate. These figures have been gilded and enamelled; the enamel, in which the drapery of the wife has been painted, still remains, which is a circumstance rarely to be met with in tombs of this kind. Her head-dress, remarkable for its extraordinary size, corresponds with other specimens of the same date; her robe, which has close sleeves, is of red, edged with gold; of the four sons, it may be observed, that the eldest appears in armour as the esquire, the second is habited as a priest, and the third and fourth as merchants; Gaynesford himself appears in armour, kneeling on one knee; his gauntlet and sword are at his feet.
This Nicholas was of the family of Gaynesford, of Crowhurst in Surrey. On the tomb, are the arms of Gaynesford and Sydney, and some other coats fn. In Vincent's Visitation of Surrey, are preserved some inscriptions from brass plates, to the memory of the following persons, some of which are now lost or much mutilated: viz.
Thomas Ellynbridge, gentleman porter to Cardinal Morton, who died in ; the canopy on this tomb remains with part of the inscription; Walter Gaynesford, chaplain, who died in ; this tomb remains with the figure of a priest; and the inscription, though much worn, is legible; Joan wife of John Gaynesford, who died in ; John Percebridge, vicar, who died in ; and John son of Thomas Fromound of Cheam, who died in Against the south wall of the chancel, is the following singular inscription, to the memory of William Quelch, a former vicar of this parish: "M.
Some Latin lines, which are so full of errata as not to be intelligible, and a few English verses not worth inserting, follow. Within the rails of the communion table, is a gravestone to the memory of Charles Burton, Esq. They came to this parish by the intermarriage of one of their ancestors, with Joan, daughter and heir of John Ellinbridge: she died in , and was buried in the north aisle, where there is an inscription on a brass plate to her memory.
On the north wall of the chancel is the monument of Dixey Longe, Esq. The register of this parish begins in ; it is comprised in two books, the more ancient of which, with a very commendable zeal for its preservation, has been handsomely bound in Russian leather.
It appears in general to have been kept with accuracy, excepting the entire omission of any entries from to , for which the then vicar makes the following quaint apology:. I found to my great grief that all his accompt was written in sand, and his words committed to the empty winde. God is witness to the truth of this apologie, and that I made it "known at some parish meetings before his own face, who could not deny, neither do I write it to blemishe him, but to cleere mine own integrity as far as I may, and to give accompt of this miscarryage to after ages, by superscription of my own hand.
The more modern Register Book, which begins in , and is continued to the present time, appears to have been kept with great accuracy.
Since the year , the birth as well as the baptism of each child is particularized. It is much to be wished that this plan was universally adopted; as in many cases, especially where any considerable time has elapsed between the birth and the baptism of children, it may be of very material consequence to them at some future period, to have the date of their birth so well authenticated.
By which it appears that the inhabitants have increased within the last century, in a proportion somewhat of more than two to one. The present number of houses is one hundred and sixty-five. In the year , only eight persons died at Carshalton; in the ensuing year there were thirty-six burials.
Quelch observes in a note, that "it was a year of very great mortalitie, but that not one died of the plague, but a disease somewhat akin to it;" and he refers for a similar circumstance to the year , in which I find entries of thirty-one burials. In , there were fifteen burials; in , twenty-three; neither of the numbers much exceeding the average of each period.
In the earlier part of the Register are many entries of the Gaynesford and Muschamp families; the former were the descendants of Nicholas Gaynesford, whose tomb has been described; the latter were of the family of Muschamp of Peckham; of whom one was baron of the exchequer, and was buried at Carshalton, June 4, This was the celebrated statesman who had an occasional residence at Carshalton fn.
Sir Nicholas was one of the most eminent men of his time fn. He had a command at Musselborough-field, and brought the news of the victory, for which he was knighted. In the beginning of Queen Mary's reign he narrowly escaped with his life, being accused as an accomplice in Wyat's conspiracy; he owed his safety to his own ingenious defence, and to the integrity of his jury, for which they were fined and persecuted.
Sir Nicholas was afterwards received into her majesty's favour. Queen Elizabeth bestowed on him several places of profit and honour; though he was once in disgrace with her, on suspicion of his promoting the Duke of Norfolk's intended marriage with the Queen of Scots. He was afterwards employed in several embassies; and grew so much in favour at court, that the Earl of Leicester looked upon him as a formidable rival; and it was suspected that he hastened his death by poison, as he died suddenly at the earl's house near Temple Bar, after eating a hearty supper.
Speaking of his reconciliation with the Earl of Leicester, the writer says, "Whoso believes a foe late reconcil'd, "Is for the most part spitefully beguil'd. A short specimen of the poetry will suffice: the following passage intimates that the queen sent physicians to his assistance, but that he died before they arrived: "Was ever man so bound to sovereign As I to mine, who in extremity Did send both doctors for to ease my pain, A comfort great to cure my conscience; But physic came in vain when I was kill'd, Too late to keele when all the milk is spill'd.
The author making Sir Nicholas himself the speaker, probably occasioned the report that he wrote his own life in verse. Sir Nicholas Throkmorton married the daughter of Sir Nicholas Carew, of Beddington, by whom he left a large family: he died as above-mentioned on the twelfth of February, and was buried on the twenty-first at St.
Catharine Cree church fn. Carshalton is 9 miles north-east of Leatherhead. Carshalton is 9 miles east of Esher. Carshalton is 9 miles north of Reigate. Carshalton is 10 miles north-west of Oxted. Carshalton is 9 miles south of City of Westminster. Carshalton is 10 miles south of London. Carshalton is 11 miles south of City of London. Carshalton is 28 miles south of St Albans.
Carshalton is 37 miles north of Brighton and Hove. Carshalton is 37 miles south-west of Chelmsford. Carshalton is 45 miles north-east of Chichester. Carshalton is 54 miles west of Canterbury. Carshalton is 54 miles north-east of Winchester. Carshalton is 54 miles south-east of Oxford. Execution time: 25ms.
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