Symptoms are usually sudden onset of fever, headache, and stiff neck. It can start with symptoms similar to flu, and will often also cause nausea, vomiting, increased sensitivity to light, rash, and confusion. Meningococcal meningitis and bloodstream infections can be very serious, even deadly. The infections progress quickly. Someone can go from being healthy to very ill in 48 hours or less. Even if they get treatment, about 10 to 15 out of people with meningococcal disease will die from it.
Long-term disabilities from having meningococcal disease include loss of limbs, deafness, nervous system problems, and brain damage. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommend children receive all vaccines according to the recommended vaccine schedule.
Viewing discretion is advised. See also Meningococcal Vaccines for Preteens and Teens pdf icon [2 pages]. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Vaccines for Your Children. Section Navigation. If the brand of the primary series is not known or not available, CDC recommends restarting the primary series with the available product.
I have a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria who is being treated with Soliris eculizumab. Should he receive meningococcal vaccine? Eculizumab Soliris and the related long-acting compound, ravulizumab Ultomiris bind to C5 and inhibit the terminal complement pathway.
People with persistent complement component deficiency due to an immune system disorder or use of a complement inhibitor are at increased risk for meningococcal disease even if fully vaccinated.
Because patients treated with complement inhibitors can develop invasive meningococcal disease despite vaccination, clinicians using Soliris or Ultomiris also may consider antimicrobial prophylaxis for the duration of complement inhibitor therapy. We have a year-old getting renal dialysis. The nephrologist will be starting her on ravulizumab Ultomiris , which interferes with C5 complement.
A 10 year-old with persistent complement component deficiency also should receive a 2- or 3-dose series depending on brand of MenB vaccine. As long as the child remains at high risk of meningococcal disease due to complement inhibitor use, booster doses of both MenACWY and MenB are recommended. Are people who are HIV-positive in a risk group for meningococcal disease? People age 2 years and older with HIV infection who have not been previously vaccinated should receive a 2-dose primary series of MenACWY doses separated by at least 8 weeks.
People with HIV infection who have previously received one dose of MenACWY should receive a second dose at the earliest opportunity at least 8 weeks after the previous dose and then receive booster doses at the appropriate intervals.
ACIP does not recommend routine meningococcal serogroup B vaccination of people with HIV infection: MenB may be given based upon shared clinical decision-making to people with HIV who are age 16 through 23 years old, preferably between ages 16 and 18 years. If you choose to give Trumenba brand MenB vaccine MenB-FHbp to a year-old with HIV infection based on shared clinical decision-making, should you use the 2-dose standard schedule or the 3-dose high-risk schedule?
If Trumenba is administered, the CDC meningococcal subject matter experts recommend that the 3-dose schedule should be used. People with HIV infection do not appear to be at higher risk for meningococcal serogroup B disease, but because of their HIV infection they might not respond to the vaccine as well, the 3-dose schedule is preferred.
When Bexsero is used, the schedule is 2 doses, regardless of risk status. I have a 7-year-old patient with congenital asplenia. Would you consider giving her meningococcal B vaccine MenB? Use of either brand of MenB in persons younger than age 10 years is off-label in the U.
There is no ACIP recommendation for use of this vaccine for this age group. Food and Drug Administration. It is routinely recommended for infants in the United Kingdom see www. A clinician may choose to use a vaccine off-label if, in their opinion, the benefit of the vaccine exceeds the risk from the vaccine.
Are microbiologists recommended to receive MenB vaccine? And if so, how frequently? MenB can be given at the same time as any other vaccine. MenB vaccine brands work differently and are not interchangeable. All doses, including booster doses, should be of the same brand. If the brand of the primary series is not known or is not available, restart the primary series with the available brand.
We have a year-old patient with a history of vasculitis, nephritis, and asthma. She is on azathioprine Imuran and is immunosuppressed. How often should these vaccines be given? Will she require a series of PCV13 doses or just a booster? MenB is not specifically recommended for immunosuppressed people.
However, after discussing the pros and cons of vaccination also known as shared clinical decision-making , people age 16 through 23 years who are not at increased risk may receive routine MenB vaccination with either a 2-dose series of Bexsero MenB-4C 4 weeks apart, or a 2-dose series of Trumenba MenB-FHbp 6 months apart.
I have a year-old patient traveling to Kenya for one week. Meningococcal disease in these areas is generally not caused by serogroup B. Previously vaccinated people identified by public health as being at risk during a meningococcal B outbreak should receive a booster dose if it has been at least one year since completion of their primary series, though depending upon the specific circumstances, public health may recommend a booster dose as little as 6 months after completion of the primary series.
I have a 28 year-old patient who received a primary MenB vaccine series of Bexsero in when her spleen was removed. At that time, the ACIP did not have a recommendation for booster doses. Do I need to give her a new primary series?
ACIP voted to recommend MenB booster doses for people at ongoing increased risk of meningococcal serogroup B disease in June and the recommendation was published in www. As long as you use Bexsero MenB-4C as the booster dose, the patient does not need to restart the primary series. Brands of MenB vaccine work differently and are not interchangeable. The only time ACIP recommends restarting the primary series is if the brand used for the primary series is not known or is unavailable.
Public health authorities have declared a meningococcal serogroup B disease outbreak at my university and we are now vaccinating all students on campus.
Some students report having had a primary series of MenB vaccine, but do not have documentation of which brand was used. What should we do? During an outbreak of meningococcal B disease, swift protection of those at risk is prioritized and CDC subject matter experts do not recommend delaying vaccination in order to locate records. Student health services with documentation of MenB vaccination including brand of incoming students, either in a state immunization registry or in student health records, will be able to respond most efficiently to an outbreak.
Students whose primary series of MenB vaccine was completed at least 1 year before the outbreak or as little as 6 months before the outbreak, if recommended by public health should receive a single booster dose of the same brand of MenB vaccine. If the same brand is unavailable, they should restart the primary series with the available brand. If the brand of the primary series is unknown, administer a dose of the available product and counsel the recipient to request records of the primary series: if the primary series brand is different, then in order to ensure optimal protection, the recipient should be given a booster dose of the primary series product or complete a primary series with the available product after a minimum interval of 4 weeks.
I know the primary series of MenB vaccine should use the same brand for all doses. Does that also apply to booster doses? MenB vaccines work differently and receiving mismatched MenB doses might result in inadequate protection. For this reason, documentation of the brand of vaccine in immunization is especially important.
If a patient at high risk requires a booster dose and the brand of the primary series doses cannot be determined or is unavailable, then CDC recommends restarting the primary series with the available brand. Administering Vaccine Back to top By what route should meningococcal vaccines be administered? In clinical trials and in postlicensure safety surveillance, the most common local adverse events within 7 days of receiving MenB were injection site pain, swelling or redness and the most common systemic symptoms were headache, fatigue and body aches.
In general, these types of self-limited reactions are reported more frequently than with MenACWY vaccination. Contraindications and Precautions Back to top What are the contraindications and precautions for MenB?
As with all vaccines, a severe allergic reaction for example, anaphylaxis to a vaccine component or to a prior dose is a contraindication to further doses of that vaccine. The tip caps of the Bexsero pre-filled syringes contain natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions in latex sensitive individuals. Because MenB is an inactivated vaccine it can be administered to persons who are immunosuppressed as a result of disease or medications; however, response to the vaccine might be less than optimal.
Data on MenB vaccination during pregnancy is limited. Pregnancy a precaution to MenB vaccination, but MenB may be administered if, in the judgment of the clinician, the benefits outweigh any potential risks.
Should a pregnant woman receive MenB vaccine? Few data are available on the effect of MenB vaccines on pregnancy. The manufacturers do not consider pregnancy to be a contraindication to use of MenB. GSK has established a Vaccination in Pregnancy registry. Women who receive Bexsero during pregnancy are encouraged to participate in the registry by calling Pfizer also maintains a Vaccination in Pregnancy registry for Trumenba, although specific contact details for this registry are not available.
No data are available from these registries. In general, vaccination against MenB should be deferred during pregnancy; however, MenB may be administered if, in the judgment of the clinician, the benefits outweigh any potential risk. The vaccines must not be frozen. Vaccine that has been frozen or exposed to freezing temperature should not be used.
Do not use after the expiration date. Back to top This page was updated on April 15, This page was reviewed on October 14, Immunization Action Coalition. Sign up for email newsletter. ACIP Recommendations.
Package Inserts. Additional Immunization Resources. Adult Vaccination. Screening Checklists. Ask the Experts. Shop IAC. CDC Schedules. Standing Orders for Vaccination. Clinic Tools.
State Laws and Mandates. Handouts for Patients and Staff. Technically Speaking. Honor Rolls for Patient Safety. If you have an unvaccinated teen headed off to college, there is still time for them to get their vaccines. Your child may also need another shot if they had the vaccine as a preteen.
Adults can also get the meningitis vaccine if their doctors recommend it. Certain situations can warrant the use of meningitis vaccinations. Examples include spleen removal, going to military camp, or traveling overseas. Because bacterial meningitis tends to be more aggressive and serious than other causes of meningitis, vaccination is the best way to protect your teen against bacterial meningitis.
Antivirals may help, but the viral form of meningitis is usually treated with time and bedrest. Antifungals and antibiotics can be used for other less common forms of meningitis.
Although recommended for college students, the meningococcal vaccine is also recommended for all young people and individuals with certain medical…. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M. Share on Pinterest.
Types of vaccines. When to get vaccinated. Is it too late to get vaccinated?
0コメント